Zhang Qian served as prime minister of Han and fell seriously ill, near death. Gongsheng Wuzheng took thirty pieces of gold to visit him. A month later, he called again and asked Zhang Qian: “After you pass away, who do you think will succeed you as prime minister?”
Zhang Qian replied: “Wuzheng upholds the law strictly and respects the ruler. Even so, Prince Shiwo wins more favor among the common people.” After Zhang Qian died, Gongsheng Wuzheng was appointed the new prime minister.
Note
When appointing key officials, rulers tended to favor those who upheld laws and obeyed authority, rather than those who merely gained popular support. Compliance with rules and loyalty to the throne were regarded as vital.
Late Warring States Legalist philosopher. This text is excerpted from Han Feizi, Chapter: The Forest of Persuasions (Part I). He records this story to reflect official selection criteria.
Zhang Qian
Former prime minister of the State of Han, impartial in evaluating talents.
Gongsheng Wuzheng (Gongcheng Wuzheng)
A minister of Han, known for abiding by laws and respecting the monarch.
Prince Shiwo
A noble of Han, popular among ordinary people.
Visiting the Sick with Gifts
A common social etiquette in ancient times, also a way for officials to maintain connections in political circles.
Selection of Prime Minister
The prime minister was the highest official. Rulers prioritized loyalty, law-abiding conduct and obedience to royal authority over public popularity.
Legalist Governance Idea
Legalists emphasized strict laws and centralized royal power. Officials who enforced laws firmly were more trusted by monarchs.
張譴相韓，病將死，公乘無正懷三十金而問其疾，居一月自問張譴曰：「若子死，將誰使代子？」答曰：「無正重法而畏上，雖然，不如公子食我之得民也。」張譴死，因相公乘無正。
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